The Tapestry Metaphor Essay -- Intercultural Communication Cultural Es

The Tapestry Metaphor We have all heard or used the tapestry metaphor at one time or another: â€Å"It's like a tapestry —with many delicate threads all woven together to make a whole.† Yes, we have heard it again and again. But why not repeat it? Well, after contemplating on the sociocultural experiences I chose to study—attending a Sunday worship service at the local Nazarene church and arraignments at the Juneau Court House—I believe that a person's idea of her or his cultural self is like a tapestry. One's own life experiences and communications with others are the threads. And woven together, the experiences of one's life create a unique cultural being. The Juneau Church of the Nazarene conducts its Sunday services much like many other churches I have attended. A pastor, associate pastor, or music director leads the service from the front of the sanctuary, each taking turns standing at the pulpit when speaking. Also up in front sits the musicians, two pianists and a guitarist. In the main part of the sanctuary sit the congregation in rows of pews. The service usually begins with a reading of scripture, church announcements, or a hymn. Then there are small orders of business, like prayer concerns, special music sung by church members, or other scripture readings. The climax of the hour-long service is the pastor's sermon, in which he preaches about some specific topic centering on the Christian doctrine. The two services I attended followed this basic outline, with little to no deviation from the bulletin. Rather than a bulletin, the Juneau Court House conducts its arraignments according to a calendar, which is posted outside the door to indicate which cases will be addressed on a particular day. A judge or, in this case... ...Well, we could go with Lustig and Koester's definition: â€Å"Culture is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs, values, and norms, which affect the behaviors of a relatively large group of people† (27). But why not use a timeless analogy? Cultural identity is a tapestry, a tapestry of one's social interactions, traditions, values, philosophy on life, and so on. Culture is not purely family or ethnicity or location or religion; it is an amalgam of these things—a unique weaving of what makes up our everyday lives. Works Cited and Consulted Jandt, Fred E. An Introduction to Intercultural Communication: Identities in a Global Community. 4 th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc., 2004. Lustig, Myron W., and Jolene Koester. Intercultural Competence: Interpersonal Communication across Cultures. 4 th ed. Boston: Pearson Education Inc., 2003.

Paper Issues – Mobile Ecommerce

S30057544 Christopher Navarro Atarama S30057544 Christopher Navarro Atarama Mobile E-Commerce ITECH 3212 E-commerce 2 – Assignment 1 Mobile E-Commerce ITECH 3212 E-commerce 2 – Assignment 1 Table of Contents 1Abstract2 2Introduction2 3Definitions2 4Mobile E-commerce infrastructure3 5Privacy issues4 6Security issues4 7Mobile Client Device Technologies and Issues5 8Mobile devices applications issues6 9Bibliography7 * Abstract The following report is a document made with the intention of accomplishes the first assignment of E-Commerce 2 course of the University of Ballarat at IIBIT Sydney. The aim of this report is give a general overview about Mobile E-Commerce or M-Commerce and its different issues in the actuality. Introduction Day by day, new technologies come up bringing new ways of communication and interconnection, using the great network: Internet. This network, in addition, opens a wide door of electronic business opportunities known as E-Commerce (Roehl-Anderson, 2010). In the actuality, and with the development of new technologies in mobile devices area, make electronic commerce is more accessible, fast and mobile (Antovski & Gusev, 2009). This new E-business model is known as Mobile E-commerce or M-Ecommerce. According with Antovski & Gusev (2009), M-Commerce is defined as any transaction with monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunications network. M-Commerce like Ecommerce can be B2B (business to business), P2P (person to person) or B2C (business to customer) oriented. The framework divides into couple sub areas based on user’s distribution criterion. Mobile Ecommerce addresses electronic commerce via mobile devices, where the consumer is not in physical or eye contact with the goods that are being purchased. Definitions Mobile Devices: Also referred to as handheld devices, are generally poket-sized devices with computing capabilities (including smartphones, PDAs, etc. ). These devices generally offer robust functionality without the restriction associated with heavier, tethered equipped (Harris, 2010). E-commerce: E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web. In practice, this term and a newer term,  e-business, are often used interchangeably. For online retail selling, the term  e-tailing  is sometimes used (Harris, 2010). Smartphone: A cellular telephone with built-in applications and Internet access. Smartphones provide digital voice service as well as text messaging, e-mail, Web browsing, still and video cameras, MP3 player, video viewing and often video calling. In addition to their built-in functions, smartphones can run myriad applications, turning the once single-minded cellphone into a mobile computer. Mobile E-commerce infrastructure The mobile e-commerce evolution is being fuelled by the same forces that enabled ecommerce by PC users (Buccafurri, 2010). According with Antovski & Gusev (2009), there has been considerable investment in mobile e-commerce by banks, hardware providers, cellular operators, and content providers that is leading mobile consumers to eventually have the same satisfactory experience, in terms of content and variety, that they have come to appreciate from their PC Several banking projects are underway to fund the payment architecture needed to address the mobile consumer. MasterCard International announced in May, 2000 that it would launch a fund for start-ups and established companies dedicated to the development of new roducts and services involving smart cards, e-commerce and m-commerce that strategically supports MasterCard’s member institutions (Winter, 2010). Visa, likewise, announced it was teaming up with Cyberbills and Aether Systems to create an â€Å"anytime, anywhere bill payment service†. Credit Mutual, a French bank, is teaming up with MasterCard International and Europay Internation al on an EMV-compliant mobile commerce pilot in France. Included in this global agreement are hardware providers France Telecom, Oberthur Card Systems, and Motorola. Other pilots are planned in Germany, Canada, Australia, Hong Kong, the UK and the US. Hardware companies are equally important stakeholders in the mobile commerce revolution (Buccafurri, 2010). Efforts are underway in developing standards and forming partnerships and consortiums between industry leaders to establish the platform for building the mobile commerce industry. Cellular handset manufacturers are leading this effort with developing next generation digital phones that will carry voice and data over new communications networks that will rival the wired market for transmission speeds and internet access. The big three; Ericsson, Nokia, and Motorola control over 50% of the handset market worldwide. They have formed an alliance called the Global M-commerce Standard. The objective of this alliance is to develop standards that will reduce the time to market for hardware, applications, and communications. Analysts predict that by 2003, there will be more cell phones that are capable of accessing the Internet than PCs. The ability of the cellular industry to quickly achieve worldwide standards like GSM, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) and WAN (Wireless Application Network) has contributed to position they find themselves in leading the mobile commerce revolution. The consortium has wisely included operators and financial institutions into the mix to make sure the services will keep up with the technology (Australian Interactive Media Industry Association, 2009). Privacy issues Privacy issues have always been a key reason for potential online consumers to avoid E-Commerce (Jun Xu, 2010). In the early days of E-commerce, a significant fraction of consumers thought that credit cards could be â€Å"snatched† off the Internet. Solid encryption technologies have reduced most of those fears, and for the most part, new consumers don't orry about losing credit cards while online (Cruz-Cunha, 2010). However, there remains some very real privacy issues associated with conducting transactions electronically, which may be exacerbated with the capacity to undertake mobile transactions. These include unauthorized access to stored data, especially personal information and transaction history. Security issues According to Francesco Buccafurri (2010), s ecuring m-commerce may be even more difficult than protecting wired transaction. Constrained bandwidth and computing power, memory limitations, battery life and various network configurations all come into play, raise the questions as to whether there will be adequate security for users without compromising the ease of use and speed. In the use of text messaging, a number of security issues have already been identified, and will extend to the use of m-commerce (Buccafurri, 2010). While a direct SMS message is relatively safe because it is encrypted for its transition from one mobile handset to the other, because of its store forward nature, messages are vulnerable to being corrupted. Like voice messages, SMS' are stored on a server before being forwarded to the receiver. There is no mandatory encryption and access protection for storage. The only way to secure the entire transmission would be with end-to-end encryption. Messages exchanged between two service providers can also be violated in transit if the link between the two networks is not protected. If this information is payment details or authorities to make transactions, there is even more danger (Lee, 2009). The reliability of SMS messages is also in question. Unlike in Europe, where message delivery confirmation can be obtained by pressing a three-digit code, no confirmation is issued in Australia. The capacity to check and ensure that sent messages are received will be essential to build and maintain trust in the use of m-commerce. Mobile technologies manufacturers are developing improved security for applications with authentication and encryption technologies. However, there are two trade-offs for increased security, namely price and style (Cruz-Cunha, 2010). Mobile Client Device Technologies and Issues According to Antovski & Gusev (2009), the interactivity devices or mobile client devices currently most important to mobile e-commerce are mobile telephones, handheld computers, laptop computers, and vehicle-mounted interfaces. Hybrid devices are now appearing, such as the crosses between mobile phones and handheld devices (sometimes called smartphones), but the question remains as to what form the devices will ultimately take, which is an important issue for mobile system developers. Usability will become more critical with handheld and phone devices, which differ from desktop and laptop computers in terms of their smaller screen sizes, less available memory, and limited input devices (Antovski & Gusev, 2009). Many handheld devices are limited to a few lines of text, and do not have traditional keyboards. One usability issue is the need for organizations to determine how people can best use applications and access information through different devices. Mobile devices have forced developers to carefully revisit both operating systems and applications software on a variety of platforms (Jun Xu, 2010). Operating systems such as Microsoft’s Pocket PC and Palm’s PalmOS have been developed for handheld devices. Although this software meets some of the current needs, it has limited functionality. The creation of system software with increased functionality for devices with limited capabilities will be an ongoing challenge. Another important building block for this emerging infrastructure landscape may be the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), which enables wireless devices such as mobile phones to access the Internet (Kr. Sharma, Sharma, & Raj, 2011). Many WAP-enabled devices have already appeared, although there is doubt as to whether WAP will become a globally accepted standard, especially with the popularity of Japan’s i-mode. Developers ultimately face the issue of deciding which set of protocols to accept, or risk the potential problems of working with multiple standards and/or choosing to ignore some. Mobile devices applications issues Many of mobile devices applications are currently constrained by technology limitations and issues described previously. According Juhnyoung Lee (2009), there are two fundamental application issues that researchers and developers must address are what tasks do users want to do without regard for temporal or spatial constraints and how to provide support for these tasks through wireless applications. Mobile e-commerce payment systems can also benefit from wireless technology (Skeldon, 2011). One scenario involves a consumer not having to stand in line to make a purchase, but simply paying for an item though a wireless device. Final payments might even be billed to a telephone company. Bluetooth technology may enable a list of available services to be generated automatically on a device when a user walks close to a Bluetooth-equipped cash register. Wireless technology is well suited for bringing e-commerce to automobiles and other forms of transportation (Lee, 2009). Traffic advisory systems can warn of impending traffic jams. Cars will eventually be able to report potential problems to service centres themselves. The service centre might even make minor adjustments to the car online. Car-mounted devices will eventually allow regular Internet access, although safety issues of â€Å"browsing while driving† must be addressed. While most initial mobile commerce applications seem to be aimed at the business-to-consumer market, business-to-business and intranet applications are also appearing (Lee, 2009). Service technicians can be dynamically assigned new tasks and sent problem information while they are traveling. Sales people can go literally anywhere in the field and access product information and customer accounts, although the applications right now are still subject to the constraints of current wireless devices. Organizations must address the issue of designing complex, robust applications that work well within these current (and any foreseeable) device limitations. Flexibility can be integrated into designs to enable future functionality. Conclusions Mobile electronic commerce enables the consumer to be able to conduct their business while on the move. In today’s fast-paced society, people are always looking to do everything on the go and do not want to be slowed down. Also, as technology changes throughout the years, people are now looking for their mobile devices to perform more tasks than ever before. It seems logical for people to want access to the Internet through their mobile devices and to want to take care of their business through these devices. Through the origin of mobile electronic commerce, people are now able to conduct their business over the Internet without having to sit in front of their computer all day. This saves consumers time because they no longer have to be logged onto their personal computer at home or work. This allows consumers to be mobile and on the go. But, mobile electronic commerce has also helped the companies as well. Bibliography Antovski, L. , & Gusev, M. (2009). M-Commerce Services. Retrieved August 09, 2011, from http://delab. csd. auth. gr/bci1/Balkan/15Antovski. pdf Australian Interactive Media Industry Association. (2009). Australian Mobile Phone lifestyle index. Buccafurri, F. (2010). E-Commerce and Web Technologies: 11th International Conference, EC-Web 2010, Bilbao, Spain, September 1-3, 2010, Proceedings. Springer. Cook, A. , & Goette, T. (2009). Mobile Electronic Commerce: What Is It? Who Uses It? And Why Use It? . Communications of the IIMA . Cruz-Cunha, M. M. (2010). E-Business Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for SMEs: Driving Competitiveness. Idea Group Inc (IGI). Encyclopedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved August 10, 2011, from PCMag. com: http://www. pcmag. com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=Smartphone&i=51537,00. asp Harris, C. (2010, September). Ebook glossary. Retrieved August 10, 2011, from Library Journal: http://www. libraryjournal. com/lj/articlereview/886887-457/the_lj_ebook_glossary. html. csp Jun Xu, M. Q. (2010). E-business in the 21st century: realities, challenges and outlook. World Scientific. Kr. Sharma, R. , Sharma, R. , & Raj, S. (2011). CONFRONTS AND ISSUES IN M-COMMERCE: A BUSINESS ON MOBILE AND NET APPROACH. International Journal of Information Technology and Knowledge Management. Lee, J. (2009). Data engineering issues in e-commerce and services: second international workshop, DEECS 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA, June 26, 2006 : proceedings. San Fransisco: Springer. Roehl-Anderson, J. M. (2010). IT Best Practices for Financial Managers. John Wiley and Sons. Skeldon, P. (2011). M-Commerce. Crimson Publishing, Limited. Winter, R. (2010). Global Perspectives on Design Science Research: 5th International Conference, DESRIST 2010, St. Gallen, Switzerland, June 4-5, 2010. Proceedings. Springer.

Overview of the Animals Called Monotremes

Monotremes (monotremata)  are a unique group of mammals that lay eggs, unlike placental mammals and marsupials, who give birth to live young. Monotremes include several species of echidnas and the platypus. Monotremes Most Obvious Differences From Other Mammals The most striking difference from other mammals is that monotremes lay eggs. Similar to other mammals, they do lactate (produce milk). But instead of having nipples like other mammals, monotremes secrete milk through mammary gland openings in the skin. Monotremes are long-lived mammals. They exhibit a low rate of reproduction. Parents take close care  of their young and tend to them for long periods of time before they become independent. Monotremes also differ from other mammals in that they have a single opening for their urinary, digestive, and reproductive tracts. This single opening is known as a cloaca and is similar to the anatomy of reptiles, birds, fish, and amphibians. Differences in Bones and Teeth There are a number of other less salient characteristics that distinguish monotremes from other mammal groups. Monotremes have unique teeth that are thought to have evolved independently of the teeth that placental mammals and marsupials have. Some monotremes have no teeth. Monotreme teeth may be an example of convergent evolutionary adaptation, however, because of similarities to other mammals teeth. Monotremes also have an extra set of bones in their shoulder (the interclavicle and coracoid) which are missing from other mammals. Brain and Sensory Differences Monotremes differ from other mammals in that they lack a structure in their brain called the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum forms a connection between the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Monotremes are the only mammals known to possess electroreception, a sense that enables them to locate prey by the electric fields generated by its muscle contraction. Of all monotremes, the platypus has the most sensitive level of electroreception. Sensitive electroreceptors are located in the skin of the platypuss bill. Using these electroreceptors, the platypus can detect the direction of the source and the strength of the signal. Platypuses swing their head from side to side when hunting in water as a way of scanning for prey. Thus, when feeding, platypuses do not use their sense of sight, smell, or hearing: They rely only on their electroreception. Evolution The fossil record for monotremes is rather sparse. It is thought that monotremes diverged from other mammals early on, before marsupials and placental mammals evolved. A few monotreme fossils from the Miocene epoch are known. Fossil monotremes from the Mesozoic epoch include Teinolophos, Kollikodon, and Steropodon. Classification The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is an odd-looking mammal with a broad bill (that resembles the bill of a duck), a tail (that resembles the tail of a beaver), and webbed feet. Another oddity of the platypus is that male platypuses are venomous. A spur on their hind limb delivers a mixture of venoms that are unique to the platypus.  The platypus is the only member of its family.   There are four living species of echidnas, named after a monster of the same name, from Greek mythology. They are the short-beaked echidna, the Sir Davids long-beaked echidna, the eastern long-beaked echidna, and the western long-beaked echidna. Covered with spines and coarse hair, they feed on ants and termites and are solitary animals. Although echidnas resemble hedgehogs, porcupines, and anteaters, they are not closely related to any of these other mammal groups. Echidnas have short limbs that are strong and well-clawed, making them good diggers. They have a small mouth and do not have any teeth. They feed by ripping apart rotten logs and ant nests and mounds, then licking up ants and insects with their sticky tongue.

Compare and contrast Sir Phillip Sidneys Astrophil and...

The Strange Thing Called Love Despite the complexity of the sonnets that William Shakespeare and Sir Philip Sidney create, one is left with a feeling of total admiration for the rich language in each poem that forces its reader to pay very close attention to detail. The sonnets differ in the focus of metaphors for love and how this passion affects the poets; however, both of the poems intrigue their audience through their integration of ornate imagery in their portrayal of beauty and love. There is perhaps no collection of English poetry more widely known and praised than Shakespeares Sonnets. His brilliant ability to create over 150 sonnets, containing a series of related and mutually revealing metaphors has captivated his readers†¦show more content†¦This is obvious as he mentions the self-substantial fuel that is essential to produce light. Shakespeare uses this contraption of light to depict how one can use oneself up through the journey of life, implying that one will eventually die out, unless they go the right way about it by reproducing. Subsequently, while abundance is an allusion to the rich qualities of being young, famine is contrasted to refer to the emptiness that is now created as the fuel runs out. Consequently, the poet feels that the young man owes it to himself to reproduce; and will be acting as an enemy towards himself in his refusal to do so, as this will lead to extinction. Thou that art now the worlds fresh ornament, And only herald to the gaudy spring, The poet refers to the man as the principal object that has the ability to remind the world of beauty. He also infers that only an individual who is beautiful and young can bring color into the world. Spring signifies the beginning of life cycle, a rebirth after a long cold winter. These two lines imply that the only factor that can bring brightness into this world is youth and the rebirth of beauty. Within thine own bud buriest thy content, And, tender churl, makst waste in niggarding Content here means substance, most likely referring to semen, that is wasted as it is used for self-pleasure, rather than pleasure in procreation. The poet refers to the man as the sweet idiot, which shows that although he feels that the man is

Bubonic Plague Research Paper - 1709 Words

Bubonic plague is an infectious disease that is spread by the bacteria Yersinia pestis. These bacteria remain in a dormant state primarily in a rat flea’s foregut. Once the flea has bitten a victim it regurgitates the contents in its foregut into the bite location. Once the bacterium has entered into a mammal’s warm body it begins to reproduce and spread throughout the mammal’s body. The reproduction of this bacterium creates large painful swollen lymph nodes which are called buboes. Once these buboes get large enough they begin to ooze infected body fluid so that any contact between an infected person and a healthy person will facilitate the spread of this disease. (The Mayo Clinic Staff, 2012) The areas where the buboes form are the†¦show more content†¦(The Mayo Clinic Staff, 2012) It was believed in the middle ages that this disease was caused by poor hygiene, bad eating habits, corrupted humid air, and a lack of rest. Once a person was thought to be infected the doctors would move them to a non-infected area thinking that this would heal the persons illness instead this transported the disease even further than normal. In modern times we have made leaps and bounds to control this illness. One of the main problems of the plague is that it is not treatable until the victim gets tested and confirmed that the plague is the illness. Once that is done they will start receiving high doxycycline doses and many other types of antibiotics. The mortality rate for someone that is not treated is 50-90% compared to treated cases of 1-15%. The bubonic plague has been around for almost two thousand years. In most early cases the plague was spread from China along the Silk Road. The Silk Road was the over land trade route from the orient that silk, spices, and other trade able goods from the east to western Europe. In most cases rats carrying the Oriental Rat Flea or another animal carrying the flea would move to a new location. Once that animal died the flea would move to another host which could be a human. Once bitten by the flea a bubo begins to form when the bubo begins to ooze fluid the illness can then be passed through touch. As stated above in the MiddleShow MoreRelatedBubonic Plague1154 Words   |  5 PagesBubonic plague is believed to have brought the Byzantine empire to its knees in the 6th century. This is the first ever documented record of bubonic plague in human history. But the fact that bubonic plague continues to afflict human population even today is a matter of concern. Your bubonic plague research paper would revolve around the premise of it being a deadly disease, but we assure you that we won’t scare you by the facts. Bubonic plague is typically differentiated from other infections becauseRead MoreThe Plague Of The 19th Century926 Words   |  4 PagesThe plague that struck Europe and Asia in the 14th century was undoubtedly the most devastating disease or natural disaster the world ever faced. The Bubonic Plague or Black Death killed an estimated 25 million people from 1347 to 1352 in Europe, which accounted for one third of Europe’s population.-1 Historians believed that the Plague started in Asia and then spread to Europe. The plague lasted for five devastating years, but it’s wrath did not end in 1352. The Plague would reappear throughRead MoreThe Effect on Clergy and the Catholic Church during the Black Death857 Words   |  4 Pagesthe likelihood they would survive would be slim throughout this epidemic. It is my goal in this paper to descr ibe what was occurring during the Black Death and how the Catholic Church and its clergy reacted to the epidemic. The Black Death could most likely be considered the most severe epidemic in human history. The Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347 and was ravaging from 1347-1351. This plague killed entire families at a time and destroyed at least 1,000 villages. Greatly contributing toRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Plague Essay2352 Words   |  10 PagesABSTRACT The Bubonic Plagues a highly lethal infection caused by the microbe Yersinia pestis. This plague is most commonly associated with the plague of the 14th century, when it wiped out nearly half of the entire European population. The Bubonic Plague spread rapidly throughout Europe and was an often fatal illness, characterized by enlarged lymph nodes with pus filled buboes, gangrene, septicemia, and severe lung infections, followed by the quick onslaught of death. The Black Plague is the worstRead More Bioterrorism and Plague Essay1777 Words   |  8 PagesBioterrorism and Plague Plague, also known as Yesirnia pestis, has wreaked havoc since the first documented outbreak in the 6th century, along with changing the course of history. Although bubonic plague is the most common form of plague, pneumonic plague is the more fatal form of the bacteria. It is the only form that has been successfully aerosolized by man and has the potential of taking down a mass of people in days. If used as a bioweapon, it would cause major damage. This paper is designed toRead MoreThe Black Death Essay1812 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Middle Ages Most Notorious Killer: The Black Death This paper analyzes the documentary film Secrets of the dead-Mystery of the Black Death. This film discusses about the Black Death, a disease resulting from a combination of bubonic and pneumonic plague, which killed millions of Europeans during the Middle Ages. Researchers in this video clarify the origins of this pandemic/how it spread, the damage it caused on the whole European continent, the theory explaining how someRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Death1798 Words   |  8 PagesThere were three major outbreaks of the Black Death pandemic in the world. In the history the Black Plague is also called as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague. This research paper will mainly cover the European outbreak of the 14th century as it is considered to be the era of the worst time of the Black Death period. Many historians would agree that the events of 1300s led to dramatic changes affecting every European country in all the aspects. Creating economic, social, religious, and medical i ssuesRead MoreEffect of Technology on Human Life3204 Words   |  13 PagesHAS TECHNOLOGY DELIVERED ON ITS PROMISE OF HUMAN BETTERMENT? PRESENTED TO DR. KRISTEN DOMIKE BY IMAOBONG UMOESSIEN 114279 ON 20 NOVEMBER 2012 UPEI ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to understand and answer the question â€Å"Has Technology Delivered On Its Promise Of Human Betterment?†. To do so, we searched for the effects of medical technology on humans, using articles from the textbook and internet, the summary of lectures undergone over the semester and personal experience. Using ideasRead MoreThe Black Death Of The Bubonic Plague1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe research topic I have chosen to do my paper on is the â€Å"Black Death† which is also referred to as â€Å"the bubonic plague†. Medieval people also referred to it as â€Å"the blue sickness†, â€Å"pestilence† and â€Å"the Great Mortality†. The Black Death was an epidemic from 1343 – 1353, it came to Europe via trading ships after a long journey through the Black Sea. The plague originated in Eastern Asia and worked its way via the trade ships into Western, Europe. The vessels were crammed full of rats and fleasRea d MoreGlobalization And Its Effects On Society939 Words   |  4 Pagescountless debates over whether the effects of globalization are positive or negative. The topic of globalization is seen as one of the most debatable topics in our current society and is often discussed during political debates before elections. This paper will focus on the negative effects of globalization and the chaotic impact it can have on countries across the globe. Globalization is one of the main causes of the spread of infectious diseases that can often lead to fatal outcomes and a sense of

Corporation and Corporate Social Responsibility - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Corporation and Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: According to the case study the issue has been arises when the directors of the Chocolate Cleaning Products Pty Ltd (CCP) Alana and David has decided to fire Max who is the company solicitor and also owned 5% of shareholders of the Company. Now Max wants to enforce the clause in the constitution making or as a company solicitor. When Max has been engaged in the Chocolate Cleaning Products Pty Ltd (CCP) Company he has included a clause in the constitution of the company where he mentioned about himself as the company solicited and which is not replaceable accept for negligence act by him[1]. Now CCP has already a Sol who is an investor and mentor and experience in the cleaning products industry. Here they think it is enough of having Sols advice in regards to proposed expansion activities and there is no need of Max for other activities in the company where they also insert new clauses which mentioned the right to expropriate the shareholding of members owning less than 10% of the total shares issued[2]. The 136 of Corporation act provides the legislation where a company can form the constitution which has been effective for the relatable company and every members of it. Under the section 9 of the Corporation Act has provided the special resolution where the company members specially the shareholders provide their words and with at least 75% of votes by the shareholders has passed in favor of the resolution[3]. It is also important to mention that when Max has engaged with the company he has included a clause in the constitution appointing himself as a company solicitor and not replaced except for negligence [4]therefore the directors has the knowledge about the clause and as Max not engaged with any activities of negligence therefore they cannot replace him. However in the General Meeting the directors of the company has passed a special resolution which has been used as a altar for the companys constitution and also inserted new clause where board has legislate their rights to Expo create the shareholdings of members who owns less than 10% of the total shares issued[5]. Therefore when Max has included the clauses about the replaceable of his position and the directors also have the knowledge about such clause. Now they have breach their duties as a director of the corporation[6]. The section 181 provided such clause where directors are bound to do work for the cooperation with care and diligence, good faith and must not misuse their position. Therefore the section 181,182, 183 and 184 has been breached by the directors of the company. Therefore Max can take legal action against them[7]. The special resolution is formed under the Corporation Act where the company can change their name, types, style or add any other extra clauses which has been related to the company. A special resolution must make specific criteria before it can be passed or voted by the members of the board of the company under the special resolution. It must make a notice where the members will meet and they will vote on the special resolution regarding the clause which has been changing or adding therefore the date time and proxy information must added. It is important at least 75% of votes must cast in favor of the special resolution clause where the company or the board members will give the votes and other shareholders and members are also join in the vote process. The section 9 of the Corporation Act has defined the special resolution for the corporation where 75% of vote mast cast by the shareholders and other members of the company[8]. For a special resolution there must be a special facts i ncluded whether amending or changing the constitution or adopting a new company name of changing the company type or selective share buyback of any changes regarding the share capital of the shareholders right. Now according to the case study David and Alana has already call for an Annual General Meeting where they pass the special resolution for the alteration of CCPs Institutions and they have inserted and new clause giving the board the right to expropriate the shade Holdings of members who owned less than 10% of the total shares issued[9]. Now according to the case fact and the requirement of special resolution the directors of the company has changed in share capital or of the shareholders right regarding the shares of who owned 10% of shares of the company and they are expropriate from their rights[10]. The section 249L(c)[11] of Corporation Act provide such legislation where the special resolution must set out the intention to propose the special resolution and state the actual words of the resolution therefore when and a Annual General Meeting has been held for Casting the votes in favor of the special resolution it is important that it must fulfill the requirement of section 249L(c). The passing of a special resolution must be lodged by ASIC on form 205 notification of resolution or form 2205 notification of resolutions regarding shares. According to the case facts the directors has passed the special resolution in General Meeting where the shareholders also cast their votes which allow the directors to expropriat e shares of Max even though The Other shareholders have passed a special resolution[12]. According to the case facts the issue has been arises when Banjo who is one of the non executive directors of Aussie Boats Ltd (AB) has disagreed with the resolution and issue of shares which he thinks it will be better to enter into discussion with MWB before the terms of the takeover also things that the directors have breach there equitable or statutory duties towards the Corporation[13]. Aussie boats Limited is working great marketing strategies from past 25 years but recently the other new luxury yachts companies has made more hi-tech fit-outs boats which make difficult competition for Aussie boats Limited in the international markets and they have due to lack of funds[14]. As they are failing to running their business the directors has been decided to buying up stocks from Millionaires on Water Ltd (MWB) where they owned 35% with the plan takeover bid imminent. therefore $500,000 of shares of La La Loopsy Pty Ltd return for the provision of a report on opportunities for AB to supply boats internationally and $1 million of shares to the public to be issued for the purpose of raising additional capital for expansion purposes[15]. In the meeting of the company they have immediately engages in previously planned expansionary activities so as to improve market share and it must be informed by high quality consultancy and market research[16]. When Millionaires on Water Ltd (MWB) has taken the shares it helps to reduce 18% of steaks in Aussie Boats Ltd (AB) but as Banjo one of the non executive directors of the company things that Clancy and jack are acting really out of concern for the position as Millionaires on Water Ltd (MWB) is known to terminate the position of Executive directors after completing or take over[17]. It is important for a company when they make any new resolution or changes regarding the company and the shareholders and other members of the board then the participation of every member are necessary. The Corporation Act Section 180 defines the care and diligence of the directors officers and employees where they must act with good faith which has been mentioned section 181 and section 182 has define the use of positions of the directors said they must follow some civil obligations for running the company and holding the position of directors of the company. The section 184 has provided the legislations where the directors must act with good faith must not misuse their position or any information of the company which cause any bad effect or criminal offences with the company[18]. Therefore it is important for the director that they must not reckless or intentionally dishonest towards the corporation or commit any offensive and they must not fail to exercise their powers and discharge their duties in good faith in the best interest of the corporation or any proper purposes[19]. For running a corporation at directors must not have any personal interest or benefit out of the Corporation[20]. It is must for the directors to follow all the obligations which directly or indirectly gaining an advantage or any detriment of the corporation and towards the other officers and employees of the company[21]. They must not breach their duties if they breach the duties and the section of 181, 182, 183 and 184 therefore the court will make the allegation of breach the duties which may affect them and provide penalties. The section 1317E of Corporation Act provide such penalties for the directors who breach their duties and failed to work as care and diligence good faith use of position use of information or intention to make any criminal offences[22]. According to the case facts one of the non executive directors disagreed with the new resolution of issue of shares by the directors of the company[23] if it has found that after the new company all the positions and then they terminate the executive directors then it will made disaster for the other executive directors and non executive directors also. If the directors of the company has failed to hold their positions before they make the resolution and take over the company to new company with new issue of shares then the other members Banjo the non executive director also take legal action against them for Bridge there equitable and statutory duties towards the company[24]. If Court has found that the directors has failed to maintain their position of directors in the company then they can we find with penalties and the section 1317E of the Corporation net will provide such penalties for breach the duties of the position of the directors[25]. Reference Coffee Jr, John C., Hillary Sale, and M. Todd Henderson. "Securities regulation: Cases and materials." (2015). Corporation law 2nd edition, Jason Harris publication: LexisNexis butterworths Australia 2011 Donner, Irah H. "Fiduciary Duties of Directors When Managing Intellectual Property." Nw. J. Tech. Intell. Prop. 14 (2016): 203. Hiller, Janine S. "The benefit corporation and corporate social responsibility." Journal of Business Ethics 118.2 (2013): 287-301. Knepper, William E., et al. Duty of Loyalty. Vol. 1. Liability of Corporate Officers and Directors, 2016. Langford, Rosemary Teele, Ian Ramsay, and Michelle Anne Welsh. "The origins of company directors' statutory duty of care." (2015). Lin, Chen, et al. "Directors' and officers' liability insurance and loan spreads." Journal of Financial Economics 110.1 (2013): 37-60. Loewenstein, Mark J. "Equity and Corporate Law." SMUL Rev. 68 (2015): 783. Lunn, Brad. "Strengthened director duties of care for cybersecurity oversight: Evolving expectations of existing legal doctrine." Browser Download This Paper (2014). Spamann, Holger. "Monetary Liability for Breach of the Duty of Care?." Journal of Legal Analysis 8.2 (2016): 337-373.

Style analysis for see them di Essay Example For Students

Style analysis for see them di Essay Style Analysis forSee them Die,McBain aims to lead the reader into the bleak litter-strewn environment of a crowded American slum with its inherent threat of violence. Two dominating forces, Heat and July, established in the first two words, emerge as double personifications, prostitutes, in the first paragraph, their brazen ‘vengeance’, strutting insolently, garishly, born to make you suffer. Here the tone is aggressive, and menacing as McBain establishes the control his ‘twin bitches’ exert. This colourful start, rich in uncompromising nastiness, serves as a spring board for the more oppressive atmosphere neglect creates, and the sordid sense of entrapment which follows. ‘The air is tangible’ personifies the air, giving it purpose in its drab surroundings, and along with the onomatopoeic ‘sticky’ and ‘clinging’, conveys a sense of desolation. McBain then focuses on the visual ‘nastiness’, spraying sensory feelings throughout the next four lines, ‘off-white brilliance’, ‘light that is dizzying’ and ‘shimmer of blue’, all bring with them feelings of intense light, and a harsh, unnatural environment. We will write a custom essay on Style analysis for see them di specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The inseparable ideas of ‘heat’ and ‘July’ give the piece a secure foundation on which the detail builds. This structural security, reinforced by three other lines also set in isolation, gives McBain’s writing an uncompromising edge, thus complementing his bleak tone. It is only 8:40 am†¦and it its Sunday. Placed almost midway, offers a structural reminder that much more will follow when the people wake up; that in fact we are experiencing the uncomfortable calm before the urban storm. These ideas contrast the ‘quiet’ of the previous line. After the opening metaphoric paragraph McBain develops details of the unpleasant light and its mixed effect on the scene: glow, off-white, light and dark, sin sits low, faded, shimmer, hint of blue. These impressions, combined with some effective ‘tactile’ diction, convey a sense of unevenness and reinforce the general air of unpredictability. The third major paragraph takes us into the refuse of human habitation, an extension of the bleakness built up previously. Garbage, neglect and the sordid symptoms of poverty establish clearly that the people in the setting are trapped on all sides by heat, July and where they live. The simple movement of a man’s arm, through its stark contrast, reinforces the control of the disgusting street environment. The single lineThis is the only movement on the streetCuts off any further glimpses of people or action, at this stage, in keeping with the writer’s chief purpose. He quickly returns first to the stillness and heat in paragraph four, and then to the dissonant sounds, amid the overwhelming heat, in the final paragraph. These two developments add to the overall lethargy and sense of oppression he has built steadily, adding a sensory element to the scene with its underlying feeling of hopelessness and impending trouble. This grim opening framework of the novel leaves the reader in no doubt that what follows in the desolate ‘87th precinct’ will not be pleasant.